苏云金杆菌防治杨扇舟蛾试验初报

杨扇舟蛾是近年危害洞庭湖区杨树主要的食叶害虫之一,一年发生6～7代.本文采用生物药剂"林得保"(主要成分苏云金杆菌)粉剂防治杨扇舟蛾.试验表明:"林得保"粉剂在施药3 d后,开始显现明显的药理效果,最终防治率达到了95%以上,是一种在杨树食叶害虫防治上值得推广的无公害生物药剂.其喷粉浓度以药剂:填充剂=1:20的效果最...     

竹炭陶土复合材料的制备和结构性能表征

以竹炭粉、陶土为主要原料,经混合、成型、干燥和煅烧等工艺制得竹炭陶土复合材料(以下称竹炭陶),采用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、X射线衍射(XRD)仪、拉曼光谱测试仪(Raman)、傅里叶变换红外光谱(FTIR)和比表面积测试仪等仪器,对竹炭陶的微晶构造、孔隙结构、吸附和红外辐射性能等进行表征。结果表明:竹炭微粒镶嵌在陶土基体中,保留原有以中孔为主的孔隙结构和类石墨化晶体结构,获得的竹炭陶具有较大的比表面积和中孔为主的孔隙结构,能有效地吸附甲醛、苯等有害气体。加入一定量的竹炭能提高竹炭陶的远红外发射率,其红外发射率均高于陶土和竹炭,结合红外吸收光谱谱图分析,竹炭陶具有高红外发射率的本质在于具有倍频吸收、分子基团振动、转动及晶格振动。     

蚕粉复合物对小鼠若干生理指标的影响

以小鼠为试验动物 ,对以全蚕粉为主要成分的降血糖复合物 (SPC)的生理作用和药效进行了探讨。结果表明 ,该复合物可以显著降低小鼠的食后血糖 ,并能提高小鼠抗疲劳能力和耐力 ,对小鼠的生长发育、繁殖等无不良影响 ,未发现有任何毒副作用。     

植物修复对锰尾渣污染土壤特性的影响

采用盆栽法研究栽培美洲商陆和大豆进行植物修复后,锰尾渣污染土壤特性的变化。栽培美洲商陆和大豆可增加土壤的碱解氮、速效磷、速效钾和有机质。栽培植物后,土壤pH值变化不显著,但土壤磷酸酶、尿酶、蛋白酶、蔗糖酶、硝酸还原酶和脱氢酶的活性都高于对照。栽培植物可影响土壤锰和镉的形态分布,降低土壤锰和镉总含量,减少土壤水溶性锰和镉含量。在锰尾渣污染区域,混种美洲商陆与大豆进行植物修复,改良土壤特性更佳。     

高粱与旱稻属间杂交部分遗传物质导入的F3及BC1表型鉴定

以高粱（S．bicolor）为母本、旱稻（O．sativa）为父本进行属问杂交，F1出现双亲没有的短芒和黄色柱头新性状，并能在F2、F3及BC 1 稳定遗传。F1在株高、穗长、穗型、分蘖性等性状上仍疯狂分离，并出现父本白色籽粒单株。BC1在株高、分蘖二性状上接近父本，回交效应非常明显，t测定无差异，并出现多子房新性状。高梁与旱稻杂交及回交，能创造变异，产生新性状，对创造矮秆、优质、多子房新种质十分有效。然而，二者杂交后代主体性状仍似母本，只表现父本少数性状。属于部分遗传物质导入。     

全蚕粉复合物降血糖及降血脂效果的比较

通过动物试验和糖尿病患者服用试验,比较了全蚕粉复合物(SPC)与全蚕粉(SP)的降血糖和降血脂效果。动物试验表明,SPC的降血糖效果优于SP和拜糖平,并能显著提高糖尿病小鼠的C肽水平,降低小鼠血浆总胆固醇水平。糖尿病患者服用SPC后,不仅能降低空腹血糖和餐后血糖,而且能降低糖化血红蛋白水平,未发现低血糖及其它不良反应。     

圆叶决明草粉替代不同比例精料喂兔效果研究

利用豆科牧草圆叶决明Chamaecrista routundifolia CPI34721草粉分别以10%,15%,20%不同比例替代精料进行肉兔喂养试验.试验结果表明:与对照相比较,在兔只平均日增重、饲料利用率方面,各处理与对照差异不显著.替代10%和15%精料处理可显著提高兔肉品质,替代20%精料的处理在经济效益方面最佳,可提高经济效益5.15%.     

Diversity in White Lupin (<Emphasis Type="Italic">Lupinus albus</Emphasis> L.) Landraces from Northwest Iberianplateau

All the accessions (35) of white lupin (Lupinus albus L.) landraces collected from northwest Iberian plateau and maintained at the Spanish germplasm collection (CRF of INIA), were studied with the general objective of assessing the biodiversity of these landraces and to ascertain their value as genetic resources for the development of germplasm adapted to the areas where they were collected with long and chilly winters. The characterization study comprised 51 qualitative and 50 quantitative characters. Quantitative parameters were analyzed by Principal Components Analysis (PCA). The 2-dimensional plot (49.3% of cumulative variability) formed a main group of accessions and 4 outliers (#1, #9, #27 and #28) separated in the first PC. The characters with a higher contribution to the first PC were inflorescence length, leaf petiole length and leaf central foliole area. The presence of alkaloids, the percentage of plants killed by soil borne fungal diseases, the phenology, the yield per plant and yield components were also assessed. Twenty six accessions (the main group in the PCA plot) showed high homogeneity, with the following highlights: bitterness, indeterminate growth habit, early ripeness and spring sowing with the exception of #18, in which seeding date is unknown and it had a later phenology. By contrast accessions #9 and #27 were bitter of autumn sowing with determinate growing habit and they had the longest values of primary inflorescence length and a later phenology when they were sown in spring. Average values for yield and yield components showed a broad range of variation between accessions. The main yield component was the number of pods per plant. Accession #22 had the highest mean seed mass, although this had not significant influence in yield. Accession #17 showed the highest yield and #1 the lowest. This last also had the lowest values of inflorescence length, leaf petiole length and leaf central foliole area. No significant differences of resistance to soil-borne fungi were found between accessions. The year had a significant effect in the phenology, yield and yield components except for number of seeds per pod. The studied material might be of interest for the development of spring sowing germplasm adapted to north Iberian peninsula.     

乳制品进口对我国乳业发展的影响及有关政策建议.

乳制品进口对满足国内需求、促进我国乳业整体水平的提高和生产结构调整起到一定作用。受乳品质量安全事件频发、生鲜乳标准降低、国内需求不断增加和国际贸易环境的影响,近年来乳制品进口量增加,对我国奶牛养殖业形成压力,使众多乳制品企业出现生存危机,侵害了乳业广大生产者和消费者的利益。本文分析了乳制品进口对我国乳业影响,并提出了有关支持和保护我国乳业发展的政策建议。